1、 ______ the heart attack, Monica brought her doctor a bunch of flowers to express her thanks.
A.Surviving
B.To survive
C.Survived
D.Having survived
2、The well-known works of the palace reflect the _________ of ancient sculpture and painting.
A.admission
B.approach
C.charm
D.attention
3、Compared with those brought up in harmonious families, children repeatedly exposed to violence are more likely to be ________ when they grow up.
A. available B. aggressive C. admirable D. attractive
4、There have been several new events _____ to the program.
A.add B.to add C.adding D.added
5、It’s your own fault. You ________ take your baby with you.
A.must B.would C.need D.shall
6、You look so tired tonight. It is time you_______.
A. go to sleep B. went to sleep
C. go to bed D. went to bed
7、Let's get through the work quickly._______seems to be little time left now.
A.It
B.There
C.That
D.Here
8、____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A.Given B.To give
C.Giving D.Having given
9、At last, the _____ jewelry turned out to be completely _____!
A.priceless, worthless B.worthless, valuable
C.priceless, valuable D.worthless, inexpensive
10、___ is known to all, Xiao Ming is good at English.
A.It B.As C.Which D.What
11、Many students agree that the charm of school dances is fading away. Megan Wachtel believes social media may be to blame because people often get ________ in sharing their experience.
A. wound up B. used up
C. caught up D. lifted up
12、A new study ____the marmoset’s reputation for admirable community values. Researchers report that these caregivers share their food more generously with little ones in private than when they are surrounded by the watchful eyes of other community members.
A.shines B.damages C.affects D.protects
13、You _________ me about it earlier, but you didn't.
A.should have told B.would have told
C.must have told D.should tell
14、Brought up in China, Mary found it quite difficult to______ the life in America.
A.go with B.fit for C.live up to D.fit in with
15、I have absolutely no ________ the students who get caught cheating in exams even though they were seriously punished.
A. impact on B. sympathy for
C. concern about D. complaint about
16、Rare________it is in men, there are cases of men developing breast cancer.
A.when B.since C.while D.as
17、______would like to devote his whole life to his country should go______there are all kinds of difficulties.
A.Who;some B.Whoever;where
C.Whatever; anywhere D.Who;there
18、My mom’s ________ determined me to go on with my study.
A.encourages B.encouraged C.encouragement D.encourage
19、Mary and her friends _____ a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help the homeless people at the Christmas party.
A.came up with B.put up with C.caught up with D.kept up with
20、----I just can’t help worrying about the result of my driving license test.
---- . You can do nothing but wait.
A. Just relax B. Have fun
C. Watch out D. Take your time
21、I have been convinced that the print media are usually more________ and more reliable than television.
A.accurate
B.ridiculous
C.urgent
D.flexible
22、The singer gave a brilliant concert at the opera house, with two songs ______.
A.in large measure B.for good measure C.beyond measure D.in full measure
23、What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has been _____?
A.given out
B.put out
C.held up
D.used up
24、As a writer of several best-sellers, she has both style and humor _______.
A.at her mercy
B.at her command
C.in her defence
D.on her behalf
25、Among the ashes were not the bones of a beast, but ________ of a bird.
A.ones B.that C.those D.what
26、Actions speak louder than words. A smile says, “I like you. You make me happy.”
That’s why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins.【1】
A baby’s smile has the same effect. Once, there were many patients waiting at a doctor’s, all with sad and nervous faces, when a young woman came in with a nine month-old baby. She sat down next to a gentle man who was very impatient about the long wait. The baby just looked up at him with a big smile.【2】Soon he began to talk to the woman about her baby and his grand-children and then others joined in, and the boredom and nervousness were changed into a pleasant and enjoyable experience.
【3】 Telephone companies throughout the US have a program called “phone power” which is offered to employees who use the telephone for selling their services or products. In this program they suggest that you smile when talking on the phone. Your “smile” comes through in your voice.
You don’t feel like smiling?【4】 If you are alone, force yourself to whistle (吹口哨) or sing. Act as if you were already happy, and that will tend to make you happy.
【5】Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it. To someone who has seen a dozen people frown (皱眉) or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds. Especially when someone is under pressure, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless—that there is joy in the world.
A.Well, force yourself to smile.
B.He smiled back at the baby.
C.So, naturally, we are glad to see them.
D.Your smile is a messenger of your goodwill.
E.Smile gets much easier with practice.
F.The effect of a smile is powerful, even when it is unseen.
G.So, we should all keep dogs to make us happy.
27、 John H. Johnson was born in a black family in Arkansas City in 1918. His father died in an accident when John was six. He was reaching high school age, but his hometown offered no high school for blacks.
Luckily, he had strong-willed (意志坚强的), caring mother. John remembers that his mother told him many times, “Son, you can be anything you really want to be if you just believe. She told him not to be dependent on (依靠) others, including his mother. “You have to earn success,” said she. “All the people who work hard don’t succeed, but the only people who do succeed are those who work hard.”
These words came from a woman less than a third grade education. She also knew that believing and hard work don’t mean everything. So she worked hard as a cook for two years to save enough to take her son—then 15—to Chicago.
Chicago in1933 was not the promised land (乐土、希望之地) that black southerners were looking for, John’s mother and stepfather could not find work. But there John could go to school, and there he learned the power of words—as editor of the newspaper and yearbook of Du Stable High School. His wish was to publish a magazine for blacks.
While others discouraged (阻止、使气馁) him, John’s mother offered him more words to live by: “Nothing beats a failure but a try.” She also let him pawn (典当) her furniture (家具) to get the $500 he needed to start the Negro magazine.
It is natural the difficulties and failures followed John closely until he became very successful. He always keeps his mother’s words in mind. “Son, failure is not in your vocabulary.”
Now John H. Johnson is one of the 400 richest people in America—worth $150 million.
【1】Why did John’s mother decide to move to Chicago? Because ________.
A.John’s father died in his hometown when he was very young
B.life was too hard for them to stay on in their hometown, while life in Chicago would be better for blacks
C.there were no schools for blacks in their hometown
D.John needed more education and he could go to school there
【2】Which of the following is TRUE?
A.Chicago was the promised land for black southerners in 1933.
B.John’s mother worked hard as a writer to make their life better.
C.With the help of his mother, John got the money to start the Negro magazine.
D.Now John is the poorest man in America.
【3】What kind of woman was John’s mother? She was a ________.
A.woman with little school education but knew a lot about life
B.woman who would not do anything for her son
C.strong woman with much knowledge
D.woman who didn’t know how to encourage her son
【4】The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph means ________.
A.if you try, you will succeed in the end
B.a failure is difficult to beat, even if you try
C.a try is always followed by failure
D.nothing but a try can help you out of failure
【5】What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.How John H. Johnson became somebody.
B.The mental support John’s mother gave him.
C.The importance of a good education.
D.The key to success for blacks.
28、 No one ever said science education was easy. Certainly the concepts we teach, like conservation of momentum (动量守恒) or quantum mechanics (量子力学),can be hard to grasp. But what really makes our reaching complicated is that we're also trying to teach a deeper lesson at the same time — to help students understand the nature of science itself.
All too often, young people get the impression that science is about learning certain "laws" and then applying them to different situations. After all, that's what we make them do on tests, to show that they've been doing the work. But that's not it at all. Science is the process of building these concepts through the collection of experimental evidence.
And while I'm on it let's call these concepts what they really are — not laws, but models. Science is all about building and testing models. It's difficult to help students understand that aspect of science when we just give them the models to begin with. Sure, in physics we often include historical or mathematical evidence to support big ideas, but that often isn't enough.
Of course, we can't start from scratch. If students had to build their own models from the ground up, it would be like trying to learn programming by inventing computers. As Isaac Newton is supposed to have said, we stand on the shoulders of giants. We must take models built by others and go from there.
What I'd like to suggest is that this actually provides a great way into the adventure of science and an opportunity to meet our objectives as educators. If you can create a situation that challenges students' assumptions and produces conceptual conflict, that's a great opportunity for learning.
【1】What is the misunderstanding of teaching science?
A.It's complicated.
B.It focuses on the nature of science.
C.It's very difficult.
D.It lies in teaching and testing “laws”.
【2】Which way to teach science is highly recommended by the author?
A.Encouraging students to always start from scratch.
B.Providing students with some models to follow suit.
C.Guiding students to begin with models built by others.
D.Offering students proof to support important concepts.
【3】The author cites Isaac Newton's words to .
A.justify the experiment
B.praise the statement
C.show the achievement
D.support the argument
【4】What is the best title of the passage?
A.Science teaching
B.Concept building
C.Science learning
D.Concept conflicting
29、
In Africa, the honeyguide birds can respond to human calls to lead people to honey—what scientists describe as a mutualistic interaction, or one that benefits both creatures. The birds tweet and fly from tree to tree to guide honey seekers to hidden bee nests, typically inside trees. Then, humans open the trees to find honey, and the birds can dine on beeswax, their favorite food. | |
Dogs have an excellent sense of smell, which is why the folks at Penn Vet Working Dog Center are training dogs to identify the smell of cancer using tissue and blood samples from people who suffer. The scientists hope to develop a way for dogs to screen samples first, then perform follow-up testing on the samples the dogs flagged—a system for spotting cancer in its early stages. | |
Having a snake wrapped around your neck isn’t necessarily what you usually expect. But Monty, a 13-year-old snake has been helping customers relax with neck massages(按摩). It’s unlikely he was trained to do the job and is just pulsating like any other snake would when around a person’s neck. Regardless, this special snake books out a few weeks in advance. | |
The Guide Horse Foundation has been training miniature horses (those standing 34 inches or less) as assistance animals for the visually damaged since 1999. Miniature horses are ideal service animals for people who feel uncomfortable with dogs or who want a guide animal with a longer life span. The horses typically live from 30 to 40 years. |
【1】According to the text, which animal can help you relax?
A.A snake.
B.A dog.
C.A honeyguide bird.
D.A miniature horse.
【2】Miniature horses could serve _________.
A.blind people who dislike dogs
B.blind people who can live longer
C.animal lovers who search for honey
D.animal lovers who suffer from cancer
【3】The text is about animals’ _________.
A.special training
B.great potentials
C.unique jobs
D.high intelligence
30、 As the new year dawned, I was at one of the lowest points of my life. In the morning, I sat in a park and _______ the sorrows of the past year. After so much loss, I felt a(n) _______ to give myself to the turning of _______-- the snow-covered winter, _______ by the unfolding of new life in spring. As I walked home, my New Year’s resolution(决心)took _______in my mind. My resolution became “Less grief(忧愁), more green” and I looked for _______ to put it into action. Therefore, I gladly _______ the Arnold Arboretum training program for volunteer school field guides.
Nancy, the program director, provided us with several days of _______. I buried myself into the spring curriculum on pollination(授粉). The thick notebook was _______ with information and diagrams about how trees and flowers produce the seeds that make sure the species will ________. While in training, I felt like being a student ________.
After weeks of training, it was time to be a ________. When sixty third-graders ________ the yellow school bus for the Flowers Change class, I began to provide outdoor ________ experiences for them and gave them a day full of information, excitement, and surprises.
Throughout my first spring of ________ “Less grief, more green”, my senses came alive and ________. I moved beyond wonder and astonishment about nature to a better ________ of it. I learned about the workings of a child’s mind along with the ________ of trees and flowers.
I went on to be a proud and enthusiastic Arnold Arboretum field guide for four seasons. I ________ carry all that understanding and curiosity about what I don’t know each time I’m out in ________. And I still look at a flower through the eyes of a third-grader.
【1】A.looked back on B.put up with C.made up for D.stepped away from
【2】A.pain B.effort C.need D.drop
【3】A.seasons B.purposes C.directions D.instructions
【4】A.proved B.followed C.required D.decided
【5】A.courage B.part C.action D.shape
【6】A.ways B.reasons C.rules D.contents
【7】A.changed B.designed C.joined D.operated
【8】A.vacation B.meeting C.training D.competition
【9】A.filled B.connected C.burdened D.decorated
【10】A.move B.return C.appear D.continue
【11】A.alone B.again C.away D.aside
【12】A.teacher B.guide C.reporter D.student
【13】A.kept off B.pointed at C.pushed against D.piled off
【14】A.learning B.social C.emotional D.farming
【15】A.analyzing B.practicing C.reading D.writing
【16】A.existed B.failed C.expanded D.remained
【17】A.selection B.understanding C.description D.preparation
【18】A.sizes B.colours C.styles D.workings
【19】A.seldom B.never C.ever D.still
【20】A.class B.school C.nature D.business
31、 Each fall my wife and I go to visit our children. It isn't that they don't like us ___ their lifestyles and their work have _____them to the far corners of North America and we don't get to see them very ___. For several reasons it is ___ for us to visit them than for them to visit us so we get to ______Usually trip number one for the ___ is the annual journey to Los Angeles to visit our younger son.
Last fall, when we ____Los Angeles, our son took us to a holiday center in Indio, about a two-hour drive east of the city. It was hot there and we spent most of our ___ in the swimming pool. I liked warm weather but none of us liked it that ___. The local people are convinced that the late fall ___ is cool because it doesn't get much over 33 degrees. But it was____over 40 degrees when we stayed there.
After a week in Indio, we returned to Los Angeles to ____ the heat. As we drove and looked west across the city, we could ___ a layer of dirty brown haze (雾霾) trapped above the downtown area. That's what we would be_____ for the next few days.
I don't______Los Angeles. In fact, I wouldn't want to live anywhere in the US and Los Angeles, in particular, is not the place I would___ even if I had to live in the US. To be fair there are many __ in Los Angeles such as Hollywood, Long Beach and some good restaurants. __ , having air you can almost taste and traffic jams that can make the simplest trips a nightmare (噩梦) does not, for me, make a __ atmosphere in which I would want to spend my time. Nevertheless, because my son loves it, we'll still be_____next year.
【1】A. and B. but C. if D. so
【2】A. invited B. told C. taken D. welcomed
【3】A. well B. often C. actively D. happily
【4】A. earlier B. easier C. faster D. worse
【5】A. walk B. swim C. travel D. work
【6】A. fall B. memory C. state D. reason
【7】A. left B. passed C. called D. reached
【8】A. effort B. time C. money D. courage
【9】A. mild B. cool C. hot D. dry
【10】A. weather B. water C. holiday D. air
【11】A. finally B. luckily C. naturally D. obviously
【12】A. detect B. avoid C. follow D. imagine
【13】A. see B. hold C. hear D. touch
【14】A. testing B. collecting C. breathing D. enjoying
【15】A. forget B. recognize C. like D. understand
【16】A. give up B. settle in C. look for D. turn up
【17】A. lifestyles B. attitudes C. customs D. attractions
【18】A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Anyhow
【19】A. free B. heavy C. tense D. nice
【20】A. ahead B. out C. back D. around
32、From my second grade on, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital(独奏演唱会). A recital _____I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I _____ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”. And each year he would shake his head, muttering(嘀咕) _________about build self-confidence and working toward a ________.
So it was with really great______that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and ______my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt ______rising to play the piano in his very first recital.
My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t _________lessons. He could have gone on regretting it, _______too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t ________there. When he retired three years ago, he _____ his church music director to take him as a student.
For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he ______stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the ______? I worried, remembering those split seconds______ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would _______. But then came the beautiful melody(旋律),from the _____fingers that once baited(装饵于) my fishing lines. And I______he had been doing what music teachers always stress:___ _____the music and pretend the others aren’t there.
“I’m ________of him for starting something new at his age,” I said to my son Jeff.
“Yeah, and doing it so______,” Jeff added.
With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.
【1】
A.reflected
B.explained
C.meant
D.proved
【2】
A.would
B.could
C.might
D.should
【3】
A.nothing
B.everything
C.anything
D.something
【4】
A.goal
B.stage
C.journey
D.chance
【5】
A.trouble
B.satisfaction
C.strength
D.disappointment
【6】
A.kept
B.sent
C.watched
D.felt
【7】
A.through
B.from
C.against
D.before
【8】
A.miss
B.afford
C.select
D.understand
【9】
A.as
B.once
C.if
D.while
【10】
A.educated
B.protected
C.stuck
D.spoilt
【11】
A.allowed
B.invited
C.inspired
D.persuaded
【12】
A.roughly
B.simply
C.merrily
D.curiously
【13】
A.words
B.videos
C.notes
D.lessons
【14】
A.decades
B.weeks
C.hours
D.moments
【15】
A.play
B.freeze
C.click
D.adjust
【16】
A.same
B.warm
C.different
D.dirty
【17】
A.predicted
B.realized
C.imagined
D.insisted
【18】
A.pass over
B.turn up
C.bring in
D.concentrate on
【19】
A.ashamed
B.aware
C.tired
D.proud
【20】
A.casually
B.anxiously
C.nicely
D.frequently
33、 It was a Saturday, and the sun was scorching (灼热的). I _______up and down the bus stop anxiously and impatiently, waiting for the bus to go to my English class.
"Excuse me, what time is it?” said a voice in my ear. When I looked back over my _______, I was greeted by a ragged (衣衫褴褛的) man who looked like a migrant peasant worker. He was almost the same age as my elder brother, but his hair was _______and his working clothes were_______ and old. A terrible smell made me take two steps back _______ him. Disgusted and puzzled, I gave him a blank _______ and answered his question unwillingly.
"Thank you! I'm just afraid of being late for work," he _______in a whisper, giving a nervous giggle (咯咯笑). I remained silent, nodding my head _______
The bus finally reached the stop, and I _______ the bus. I reached into my________,and to my surprise, it was completely empty! I was so embarrassed that I just________, my face________ shame. At that moment, a dark-colored arm reached out and put two coins into the coin box. "The money is for both of us!" a familiar ________ rang in my ear. I raised my head and realized it was him!
My previous behavior ________my mind, making me dizzy. "Thank you," I murmured, regretful and ________.On hearing my words, he smiled, revealing his perfect white teeth. “You are welcome! You helped me, too.”
I was touched, ________the only thing I could do was look steadily at his________.I noticed the calluses (老茧) and ________on them, which told the story of his struggles and hardships as a________. Although his hard work will ruin his ________, it'll never ruin his warm heart and kind soul.
A.jumped
B.raced
C.flew
D.walked
A.shoulder
B.bus
C.car
D.brain
A.messy
B.straight
C.black
D.loose
A.fashionable
B.unique
C.torn
D.tidy
A.for
B.from
C.toward
D.with
A.stare
B.agreement
C.guide
D.understanding
A.ordered
B.suggested
C.complained
D.explained
A.determinedly
B.slightly
C.violently
D.excitedly
A.stopped
B.directed
C.boarded
D.recognized
A.bottle
B.drawer
C.chair
D.pocket
A.regretted
B.froze
C.lied
D.smiled
A.burning with
B.taking up
C.going for
D.running into
A.song
B.laughter
C.voice
D.shout
A.held up
B.wore out
C.looked into
D.passed through
A.appreciative
B.generous
C.careless
D.responsible
A.if
B.though
C.but
D.or
A.arms
B.eyes
C.legs
D.hands
A.power
B.strength
C.roughness
D.thickness
A.leader
B.worker
C.customer
D.beggar
A.character
B.appearance
C.trust
D.life
34、Directions: Fill in each blank to make the passage make sense and well connected in writing style. The initial letter of each word has been given. (please write each answer in a COMPLETE word on the answer card.
THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
In Congress, July 4, 1776
When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s god entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should d【1】 the causes which impel them to the separation.
We h【2】 these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created e【3】, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable R【4】, that among these are life, L【5】, and the pursuit of Happiness.
That to secure these rights, g 【6】 are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.
That whenever any form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the P 【7】 to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, l【8】 its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such f【9】, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience has shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariable the same Object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their d 【10】, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.
35、Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A huge milestone has just been reached in the field of artificial intelligence: AlphaGo, a program developed by Google’s DeepMind unit, has defeated legendary Go player Lee Se-dol in the first of five historic matches being held in Seoul, South Korea. Lee 【1】 after about three and a half hours, with 28 minutes and 28 seconds remaining on his clock. The series is the first time a professional 9-dan Go player has taken on a computer, and Lee is 【2】 for a $1 million prize.
“I was very surprised,”said Lee after the match.“I didn’t expect to lose. But I didn’t think AlphaGo would play the game in such a perfect manner.”DeepMind founder Demis Hassabis expressed“huge 【3】 for Lee Se-dol and his amazing skills.”calling the game“hugely exciting”and“very tense.”Team lead David Silver said it was an“amazing game of Go that really pushed AlphaGo to its 【4】.”
Go is an ancient Chinese board game that has long been considered one of the great 【5】faced by AI. While computer programs ow best the world’s leading human players of games like checkers and chess, the high level of intuition and 【6】required by Go has made it tough for computers to crack. DeepMind’s AlphaGo program is the most 【7】effort yet, using a complex system of deep neural networks and machine learning; it beat European champion Fan Hui last year, but Lee Se-dol is another 【8】 rival entirely.
“I don’t regret accepting this challenge,”said Lee.“I am in shock, I admit that, but what’s done is done. I enjoyed this game and look forward to the next. I think I failed on the opening layout so if I do a better job on the opening aspect I think I will be able to increase my 【9】 of winning.”Lee was surprised both by how strong AlphaGo’s opening was, and by some 【10】moves.
36、A: Excuse me, do you know where the chemistry lab is?
B: Yes. It’s just on the fifth floor of this b【1】.
A: How often do you do c【2】experiments there?
B: Twice a week.
A: Can you go there without a t【3】?
B: No. That’s not allowed.
A: What does the teacher often tell you to do when you are doing an e【4】?
B: He often tells us to look c【5】and follow the i【6】.
A: What will you do when you finish the experiment?
B: We must put e【7】back in the cupboards and wash our hands.
A: Right. It is very i【8】to keep the lab clean.
B: Yes, safe as well. We must turn off the e【9】before l【10】the lab.
37、课文填空
Yet, some people are【1】 They claim that surfing the Internet is a waste of time. They make the 【2】 that children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of 【3】 on their school work. However, a recent survey conducted in the USA shows that 80 per cent of Internet users 【4】 it mostly to search for answers to questions. The second most common use of the Internet, for 79 per cent of Internet users, is to find out information about hobbies. These statistics prove that gathering information is the 【5】 use for the Internet.
38、假如你是李华,你们学校的外教Mrs. Smith想找一个人教她9岁的女儿中文。请你写信推荐你的朋友王林,内容包括:1.写信目的; 2.推荐理由
注意:1.词数 80 左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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39、假如你是李华,你本来约好和你的朋友 Jack 一起去参观周日的智博会,但你因故不能参加。请给他写一封信,内容如下:
1. 表示歉意并说明原因;
2.表达歉意并说明理由。
3.询问什么时候方便,再另约时间。
注意:
1. 词数 100 左右;
2.参考词汇:智博会 Smart Expo
40、Summary Writing
Blowing a Few Tops
Ever stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions? It’s not all deaths, destruction and hot lava---scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one. It would probably work, but it could have devastating consequence, and there is nothing to stop any country or company from deploying the technology.
Solar geo-engineering(气候工程) involves simulating an erupting volcano by spraying aerosols (气溶胶) into the atmosphere. When they combine with oxygen, droplets of acid form. These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth, cooling the planet. All good in theory, but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous. In a study recently published, researchers led by Anthony Jones, a climate scientist from the University of Exeter, found that using this technology in the Northern hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical cyclones hitting the U.S. and Caribbean. But there’s a worrying problem: more cyclones in the Southern hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa. That’s because the entries climate system is linked--- disrupting one region will invariably affect another. How would a nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse? Would that be an act of war?
There is, however, a case for using solar geo-engineering on a global case. Jones says it could be used to “take the edge of “the temperature increases scientists are predicting. It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies.
The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geo-engineering: its complete lack of regulation. “There is nothing that could stop one country just doing it,” Jones says. “It’s deeply disturbing that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence in the climate, yet there’s just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it.”
Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand, as well as more work that will need to be done before solar geo-engineering is deemed safe—or too dangerous to even discuss.
41、你们班同学打算周六去林春岭爬山。请给外教Chris写一封英文信,邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下:
1. 时间:8 am—5 pm; 2. 集合地点:校门口;3. 交通工具:公交车;4. 携带物品:雨具,午餐,相机。
注意:1. 词数100字左右;2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
How is everything going?
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