宣城2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高一英语

1、--- Why does Jane look so unhappy?

--- She ______ at by her classmates.

A.was laughed B.laughed C.has been laughed D.will be laughed

2、—Late again this morning, and everything is in a complete mess!

—Be _______. Even a few minutes will give your day a head start.

A．a cold fish

B．a lucky dog

C．an early bird

D．a dark horse

3、The children’s activities out of classroom   from watching TV to playing chess.

A.rate B.range C.involve D.include

4、Soon , his warm and inviting smile put me ______ and we spent the next two hours talking casually .

A. in confusion B. at ease

C. in doubt D. in despair

5、—Why do the researchers sometimes have to climb so high?

—As far as I know, _____________on the top of the mountain is a certain wild plant said to have some medical value.

A.grown B.growing C.being grown D.having grown

6、The fog was so heavy that I couldn't___________ the words on the board in the distance.

A.pick out B.lay out C.make out D.carry out

7、Hardly _________ the knock when I opened the door.

A.have I heard B.had I heard C.did I hear D.do I hear

8、_____ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which   B. When   C. What   D. As

9、Your parents seem very much opposed ________ abroad. What will you do about it?

A.your going B.you to go C.to your going D.your to go

10、Even if he has been a teacher for 20 years, Peter has a good and serious attitude towards his work, for which he gains a lot of ________.

A.competence B.motivation C.expectation D.recognition

11、The government has taken some measures to solve the shortage of electricity , but it may be some time _________the situation improves.

A. since B. when

C. before D. unless

12、--Mary failed the driving test again.

-- Really? Can you_______ for that this time.

A．explain

B．account

C．describe

D．introduce

13、When the news came ___ the war broke out , he decided to serve in the army.

A.since B.which C.that D.because

14、If  we improve its package, the product will surely ______ when introduced to the market.

A.get off B.come out C.catch on D.break away

15、The guide told them not to eat the mushroom, ______ that there was a risk of food poisoning.

A. explained B. explaining C. to explain D. having explained

16、I can’t say which one is best—— it’s________personal taste.

A.a lack of B.a means of C.a manner of D.a matter of

17、In G7 Summit held in Canada, divisions between USA and other countries, in some critics’ opinion, were just papered over but by no means ________ .

A. they were fully solved B. they had been fully solved

C. were they fully solved D. had they been fully solved

18、Let's get through the work quickly._______seems to be little time left now.

A．It

B．There

C．That

D．Here

19、________things had been tough at times when he was in school, he graduated from college with the highest honor.

A．If

B．While

C．Because

D．As

20、— ______ is it that makes you so happy?

—The fact that our volleyball team has got into the final.

A.Which B.Why C.Who D.What

21、It’s vital that every piece of equipment ________ be checked before the experiment.

A. would B. could C. should D. might

22、Most consumers are  by the high price of the 3D printers despite keen interest in them.

A.put off B.put on C.put through D.put up

23、I know nothing about him ___ he is an Englishman .

A.except for B.except C.except that D.besides

24、He has lived longer than the doctor expected. They didn’t think he would ________ to November.

A．make for

B．make it

C．make out

D．make up

25、The Defence Minister will _________ the journalists this afternoon.

A.address B.arrange C.appoint D.applaud

26、   The Kendama World Cup

Old-fashioned fun is making a comeback!

Many kids are putting down their electronic devices and picking up an ancient toy. It is called a kendama, and it possibly dates back to the 16th century.

The kendama is a small wooden hammer with three cup-shaped ends and a spike on top. A wooden ball with a center hole is attached by string to the hammer. The goal is to make the ball land in a cup or on the spike. It sounds simple, but there are over 1,000 kendama techniques and tricks to master.

The game’s popularity began to grow after the Japan Kendama Association was started in 1975. Today all ages participate in various competitions, including the Kendama World Cup(KWC).

The two-year-old event, which opens in Hatsukaichi, attracts people from all over the world. Players choose 10 different tricks from an approved list. They are then awarded points corresponding to the level of each trick.

A new Kendama World Cup winner will be named tomorrow in this popular sporting event.

【1】What does “old-fashioned fun” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A.An old cup. B.An ancient game.

C.A clever trick. D.An electronic device.

【2】What does a Kendama look like?

A. B.

C. D.

【3】What does the last but one paragraph imply?

A.Every KWC lasts two years. B.The KWC is held every two years.

C.Players can choose tricks freely. D.Different tricks get different points.

【4】What do we know from the last paragraph?

A.A new KWC is being on. B.The winner of this KWC is very popular.

C.The Kendama is newly-born. D.KWC will be named after the new winner.

27、When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.

“Storm chasing” is becoming an increasingly popular hobby, especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms between March and July. A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 1,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for it to develop.

Although anyone can do it, storm chasing is extremely dangerous. The power of a big storm can throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain. If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season.

Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement. “Storm chasing is 95% driving,”says Daniel Lynch, who spends most of his summer storm-chasing. “Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers.”

However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it.“When you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life,” says Jasper Morley.“Every storm is an example of the power of nature. It is the greatest show on Earth.”

【1】The underlined word “chasing” in paragraph 2 probably means _____.

A．running after

B．enjoying

C．experiencing

D．showing up

【2】For storm chasing, the first thing storm chasers do is to _____.

A．head straight for the center of the storm

B．collect information about a coming storm

C．wait patiently for the storm to develop

D．get into the car for safety

【3】Beginners of storm chasing are advised _____.

A．not to drive in a heavy rain

B．not to get too close to a storm

C．to join in a group of storm chasers

D．to spend more time on it in summer

【4】What can we learn from the passage?

A．Storm chasing is only fit for young people.

B．Many storm chasers get killed in the storms.

C．Storm chasing is becoming popular around the world.

D．Sometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment.

28、Camp All-Star

Welcome to Camp All-Star, your No. 1 summer sports camp for kids! Located on the famous Kents Hill School campus by the beautiful lake, Camp All-Star hosts kids from around the world. When thinking about your next overnight summer camp, consider the best—Camp All-Star!

Great Sports Summer Camps for Kids

Camp All-Star stands out among the successful camps in the U.S. We have the best sports fields and courts to make your child’s sports camp experience a successful one. Your child can enjoy playing for hours in any of our more than 30 sports and activities each day. Our camper to staff rate is three to one, which makes it possible for children to receive more careful instruction.

We have a wide variety of activities and sports to choose from: fishing, dance, basketball, soccer, baseball, and tennis. Boys and girls, aged 8-16, can customize their own schedules in our 2, 3, 4 or 6 week summer camp session for kids.

The aim of Camp All-Star is to develop athletic skills, encourage abilities in leadership, fair play and team work, and provide a fun, rewarding and memorable summer sports camp experience. Our staff have the experience and qualified training necessary to ensure that your child has a successful, memorable and enjoyable time at our summer camp.

Call Today About Our Overnight Summer Camps for Kids

Don’t let your kids waste another summer playing video games and sitting around. Let them enjoy their time and get some exercise at our exciting and friendly summer sports camp. Information for our upcoming camps can be found on our website. For additional information or questions, contact us today. We hope your kids can join us at Camp All-Star!

【1】Camp All-Star stands out among the others because ___________.

A．it is surrounded by a beautiful lake

B．it provides various activities and sports

C．it offers timely information on its website

D．it allows children to play outside all day long

【2】Which is one of Camp All-Star’s goals?

A．To fire kids’ imagination.

B．To build up kids’ confidence.

C．To develop kids’ leadership skills.

D．To promote kids’ self-control.

【3】Where is this text most likely taken from?

A．A newspaper.

B．A guidebook.

C．A news report.

D．A textbook.

29、The sun is going to expand into the orbit of Mercury according to scientific calculations, which will result in the entire Earth catching on fire. Who will save the world?

This imaginative tale is at the heart of the latest Chinese sci-fi movie The Wandering Earth. Unlike many American space-themed films where the solution to a disaster Earth faces is always fleeing (逃离) the planet in spaceships, this time we’re taking the Earth with us. The film, which has made it the country’s most successful film of all time, has offered a different and more ambitious idea.

The “ambition” didn’t come from nowhere. For thousands of years, “homeland” has had a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. One old idiom that shows a strong feeling that Chinese people have had for their homeland is “luoyeguigen”, which means returning to one's homeland in old age, like fallen leaves returning to the roots of their tree.

“What is Chinese sci-fi?” Guo Fan, the film’s director, said in an interview. “A vehicle that really expresses our cultural and spinal core (核心) can be called Chinese sci-fi. Otherwise, we’re just following others and telling the same Hollywood stories.”

And the makers of The Wandering Earth may have chosen the best time to tell its Chinese sci-fi story. The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was a time when many people had just made the hard journey back to their hometowns. So to them, there is only one possible way to tell the story. Earth goes wherever humans go, because it’s our home.

【1】The main purpose of the opening paragraph is to ________.

A．give a brief account of the film

B．warn people of the coming threat

C．explore ways to avoid the disaster

D．introduce the topic of the passage

【2】The underlined phrase “a different and more ambitious idea” refers to ________.

A．fleeing the Earth in spaceships

B．bringing in huge success

C．filling the gap in Chinese sci-fi movies

D．helping Earth make its escape

【3】Which of the following is unlikely to account for (解释) the success of the film?

A．The rich imagination of the story.

B．Hollywood-style space stores.

C．The special cultural background.

D．The time chosen to release the film.

【4】What is likely to be title for the passage?

A．Chinese Sci-fi Catches Up

B．The makers of Chinese Sci-fi

C．Chinese Sci-fi Sets a New Path

D．Chinese Sci-fi Challenges Hollywood

30、   How many licks （舔）does it take to get to the center of a Tootsie Pop （棒棒糖）？

The first time I heard this in the Tootsie Pop advertisement, I was five years old. I immediately started _______ and counting. After about two hundred licks or so. I stopped. The _______ of the chewy center had proven to be too great, and I _______ my way through the hard shell （外壳）to the very center. Besides, I _______ knew it took three licks to get to the center― that’s how many licks it took the owl （猫头鹰）in the advertisement to get to the center, so that, to me, it was the _______ answer.

In high school I held to the Tootsie Pop _______ . To me, the answer was still always three licks.

In my freshman year. I joined the Model United Nations _______ in my school. The Chair position had _______ the center of the Tootsie Pop and my _______ had become various other students. The first so-called was Eric who had luckily _______ the prestigious （有威望的）Chair position. So, I decided, _______ Eric reached the center in only one lick, that's how many licks it should take me. I went to the tryouts with a view to obtaining the position but _______.

At the end of my sophomore （崗二）year, a new owl named Iris had _______ achieved the chair position after trying twice. I began working hard again. But then again, I did not make a _______ of it.

Now, slightly frustrated after _______ two setbacks, I found a new owl. Evan. It had taken him three licks to get to the "center： Three was all I could _______ . It was widely known that senior year was the _______ year to become Chair. I thought about _______ the program. but on second thoughts. I decided to continue.

Eleven years later, I visited the official Tootsie Pop website to find the real answer to the question that had _______ me my entire high school life. I finally understood. However many licks it takes to get to the center of the Tootsie Pop depends on however many licks I _______ to take—not how many the other owls take.

【1】A.dreaming B.admiring C.licking D.chewing

【2】A.appeal B.appearance C.power D.discovery

【3】A.fought B.followed C.made D.bit

【4】A.seldom B.never C.already D.nearly

【5】A.brief B.right C.random D.temporary

【6】A.advertisement B.plan C.philosophy D.custom

【7】A.program B.conference C.title D.activity

【8】A.become B.changed C.determined D.explored

【9】A.shell B.hope C.owl D.companion

【10】A.noticed B.shifted C.improved D.landed

【11】A.unless B.if C.before D.until

【12】A.failed B.quit C.survived D.struggled

【13】A.yet B.even C.still D.also

【14】A.promise B.success C.point D.joke

【15】A.interacting with B.frightening away C.going through D.working out

【16】A.afford B.buy C.admit D.expect

【17】A.middle B.gap C.last D.initial

【18】A.winning B.criticizing C.quitting D.arranging

【19】A.motivated B.troubled C.attracted D.instructed

【20】A.learn B.offer C.refuse D.choose

31、When I was in Grade 6, I knew a girl. She____to point out my shortcomings and always said I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, and so on. I tried not to care what she said.____, I became very____in the end. I cried and ran to Daddy.

Daddy asked, “Are the things she says true or not? Lisa, didn’t you ever____what you’re really like? Well, you now have that girl’s____. Go and make a____of everything she said and____the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”

To my___, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t____(like being very thin), ____a good number I could and suddenly I____to change. For the first time I got a clear____of myself.

I brought the list back to Daddy. He____to take it. “That’s just for you,” he said. “You know better than anyone else the____about yourself. But you have to learn to ____. Don’t just close your ears in anger, feeling____. When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be____to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don’t____your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you think is____.”

       In my life, this is the best____that Daddy has given me.

【1】

A．forgot

B．stopped

C．promised

D．liked

【2】

A．Besides

B．However

C．Instead

D．Also

【3】

A．happy

B．patient

C．proud

D．angry

【4】

A．accept

B．remember

C．wonder

D．persuade

【5】

A．opinion

B．trouble

C．dream

D．purpose

【6】

A．schedule

B．joke

C．list

D．plan

【7】

A．discuss

B．mark

C．win

D．destroy

【8】

A．joy

B．surprise

C．excitement

D．regret

【9】

A．ignore

B．recognize

C．develop

D．change

【10】

A．and

B．so

C．but

D．or

【11】

A．wanted

B．hated

C．feared

D．failed

【12】

A．view

B．picture

C．memory

D．feeling

【13】

A．agreed

B．learned

C．asked

D．refused

【14】

A．future

B．truth

C．ability

D．decision

【15】

A．study

B．work

C．listen

D．control

【16】

A．afraid

B．frightened

C．hurt

D．nervous

【17】

A．harmful

B．hopeful

C．peaceful

D．helpful

【18】

A．shut

B．kiss

C．point

D．touch

【19】

A．strange

B．extreme

C．right

D．difficult

【20】

A．news

B．advice

C．luck

D．information

32、A Hero in Pajamas

It was late, about 10:15 pm when Janice Esposito jumped into her car and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. Out of nowhere, a car ______ hers on one side, pushing her backward some 100 feet onto the railroad ______. She sat in the car, injured and ______ by the impact.

Pete DiPinto, a volunteer firefighter and ______ teacher, was getting ready for ______ when he heard the loud noise and ______ glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. Without ______, DiPinto, 64, ran out of the door with his pajamas (睡衣) on. “Any firefighter would have done what I did,” he said later. “We’re always on ______.”

The first car he came upon was the one that had hit Esposito. Once DiPinto ______ the driver was OK, he looked around and spotted Esposito’s car ______ the railroad tracks. Suddenly he heard a loud roar signaling an on­coming ______. He even saw the headlight of the train. DiPinto ran to Esposito’s car and knocked ______ on the driver’s side window. But she just looked at him, her ______ unfocused.

“Honey, you’re on the railroad tracks,” DiPinto ______. “We have to get you off right now!” He pulled on the handle, but the door was out of ______ and couldn’t open. The train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was ______ toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and opened the door. He ______ the airbags, seized her arms, and pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and walked her to ______. Within six seconds, the train ______ into the car. “It was like a Hollywood movie,” DiPinto said.

The next morning, a report of CBS said, “Last night, the ______ arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.”

【1】A.beat B.struck C.dragged D.touched

【2】A.stations B.platforms C.tracks D.passages

【3】A.shocked B.surprised C.amazed D.panicked

【4】A.appointed B.trained C.injured D.retired

【5】A.work B.bed C.dinner D.help

【6】A.broken B.harmful C.normal D.sharp

【7】A.hesitation B.competence C.confidence D.punishment

【8】A.fire B.duty C.profession D.performance

【9】A.introduced B.constructed C.condemned D.concluded

【10】A.around B.about C.across D.beneath

【11】A.car B.airplane C.bus D.train

【12】A.quietly B.softly C.heavily D.lightly

【13】A.head B.ears C.eyes D.heart

【14】A.whispered B.sobbed C.shouted D.suggested

【15】A.style B.date C.fashion D.shape

【16】A.dashing B.dropping C.flying D.floating

【17】A.put on B.put off C.put forward D.put aside

【18】A.recovery B.safety C.happiness D.disappointment

【19】A.crashed B.got C.boarded D.hit

【20】A.police B.hero C.volunteer D.teacher

33、   One of the terrible costs of conflict is the resulting damage to relationships. Conflict strains relationship and makes it difficult for parties to recognize that they share common needs and goals. The more severe the conflict, the greater the psychological ________ between groups. Extremely hostile relationships tend to ________ and make such conflicts all the more serious.

However, human relationships also have the power to ________ conflict and make it easier to resolve. In fact, establishing personal relationships is often a(n) effective way to solve conflict.

Conflicts cannot be genuinely solved unless the rivals are tied together with some sense of unity and ________.

First establishing personal relationships with people on the other side of the conflict can help ________ many of the problems related to conflict. This is because personal relationships improve communication and increase the general level of mutual understanding and trust. As individuals get to know each other, they are more able to recognize and ________ the other side’s complaints. This allow for the development of feelings of ________ empathy (同感). It also reduces the ________ that destructive misunderstanding will arise. In addition, programs that establish ________ personal relationships between parties are key in preventing possible conflicts. This is because friendly contact helps rivals to ________ stereotypes, and see the "enemy" as a real, living, feeling person. It may also contribute to increased ________ among highly diverse groups. Once this change of attitude has taken place, the parties can begin to develop a sense of mutual understanding and trust. Although they may still have different interests or needs, they can begin to approach these issues through ________rather than by competing with or trying to destroy each other.

Establishing relationships can also ______ the way for friendly negotiations and conflict resolution. If negotiators view themselves as opponents in a face-to-face confrontation(对峙), each side tends to becomes ______ and reactive. If, on the other hand, negotiators build personal relationships with those on the other side, they will find that many of the problems associated with strong ______ and poor communication are much easier to manage.

【1】A.distance B.threat C.timidity D.touch

【2】A.transfer B.tremble C.vary D.persist

【3】A.relax B.ease C.solve D.retain

【4】A.timidity B.commonality C.variety D.vitality

【5】A.wipe B.raise C.lessen D.undertake

【6】A.acknowledge B.make C.file D.receive

【7】A.loyalty B.sorrow C.sympathy D.symphony

【8】A.adulthood B.parenthood C.livelihood D.likelihood

【9】A.positive B.prospective C.tiresome D.voluntary

【10】A.illustrate B.eliminate C.withdraw D.witness

【11】A.vigor B.reunion C.perseverance D.tolerance

【12】A.cooperation B.competition C.vagueness D.corporation

【13】A.make B.pave C.fight D.feel

【14】A.attentive B.sensitive C.defensive D.respective

【15】A.wills B.emotions C.interests D.interactions

34、阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。

Wearing face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic p【1】 the spread of the deadly virus. But it is also i【2】. For one, we can no longer unlock our phones using facial recognition since a good part of our face is c【3】.

F【4】, tech companies are working to solve the problem. Apple, for example, offered a new way to unlock your iPhone and iPad with its l【5】 software update, iOS13.5, w【6】 was released on May 20.

Even though the update still won’t recognize your masked face, it makes the whole process f【7】. While the old system wouldn’t allow access t【8】 the passcode screen before three failed face scan attempts, iOS13.5 will send you straight to the passcode screen when you swipe up.

It might only s【9】 you a few seconds, but those few seconds “benefit public health by eliminating the temptation for people to r【10】 their masks in order to unlock their device”.

35、Directions：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A huge milestone has just been reached in the field of artificial intelligence: AlphaGo, a program developed by Google’s DeepMind unit, has defeated legendary Go player Lee Se-dol in the first of five historic matches being held in Seoul, South Korea. Lee 【1】 after about three and a half hours, with 28 minutes and 28 seconds remaining on his clock. The series is the first time a professional 9-dan Go player has taken on a computer, and Lee is 【2】 for a $1 million prize.

“I was very surprised,”said Lee after the match.“I didn’t expect to lose. But I didn’t think AlphaGo would play the game in such a perfect manner.”DeepMind founder Demis Hassabis expressed“huge 【3】 for Lee Se-dol and his amazing skills.”calling the game“hugely exciting”and“very tense.”Team lead David Silver said it was an“amazing game of Go that really pushed AlphaGo to its 【4】.”

Go is an ancient Chinese board game that has long been considered one of the great 【5】faced by AI. While computer programs ow best the world’s leading human players of games like checkers and chess, the high level of intuition and 【6】required by Go has made it tough for computers to crack. DeepMind’s AlphaGo program is the most 【7】effort yet, using a complex system of deep neural networks and machine learning; it beat European champion Fan Hui last year, but Lee Se-dol is another 【8】 rival entirely.

“I don’t regret accepting this challenge,”said Lee.“I am in shock, I admit that, but what’s done is done. I enjoyed this game and look forward to the next. I think I failed on the opening layout so if I do a better job on the opening aspect I think I will be able to increase my 【9】 of winning.”Lee was surprised both by how strong AlphaGo’s opening was, and by some 【10】moves.

36、Directions: Fill in each blank to make the passage make sense and well connected in writing style. The initial letter of each word has been given. (please write each answer in a COMPLETE word on the answer card.

THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

In Congress, July 4, 1776

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s god entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should d【1】 the causes which impel them to the separation.

We h【2】 these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created e【3】, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable R【4】, that among these are life, L【5】, and the pursuit of Happiness.

That to secure these rights, g 【6】 are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.

That whenever any form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the P 【7】 to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, l【8】 its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such f【9】, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience has shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariable the same Object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their d 【10】, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、假定你是李华，你校举办了“中国诗歌文化研讨会”。请给你的英国笔友Lisa写一封邮件介绍有关情况，内容包括:

1. 时间和地点；

2. 活动的内容；

3. 活动的效果。

注意:

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:

中国诗歌文化研讨会 the Forum on Chinese poetic Culture

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39、你是李华，与同学王明约好到他家讨论将要举行的英语演讲比赛，但是在路上目睹一起交通事故，并把伤者送往医院，没能赴约。请给他写一封道歉信，新的内容如下：

1. 向王明表示歉意

2. 解释未能赴约的原因

3. 约定时间以便再作讨论

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40、假定你是重庆红星中学的李华，你校英语社团将举行征文比赛，致敬援助湖北武汉奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的重庆医护人员。请你用英语写一封感谢信参赛，内容如下：

1.表达你的敬意与谢意；  2.个人感受； 3.表达决心。

注意：（1）词数不少于100； 

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

（3）开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：新冠肺炎Novel Coronavirus pneumonia; 流行病epidemic

Dear medical workers,

I’m Li Hua, a student in Hongxing High School._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

41、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

When it comes to the question of where curry (咖喱), yoga and Bollywood films come from, the answer is definitely India, a modern country which achieved independence on 15 August, 1947. As one of the ancient civilizations Indian culture has influenced and inspired other cultures around the world.

First, Indian food, especially its richly spiced dishes which are called “curry”outside India, has become a favorite all around the world. Most countries have their own version of Indian curry. In Japan it is very sweet and in Thailand an Indian-style chicken curry is served alongside Thai curries. In more cosmopolitan cities around the world, you can buy samosas, fried snacks with a filling of vegetables, spices and sometimes meat, and naan bread.

If you have eaten too many samosas and are worried about your health, try yoga. This is an ancient Hindu philosophy and system of exercises originating in India. Yoga is now recognized all over the world as an intelligent form of exercise. Regular practice can heal minor illnesses, change your state of mind, help you lose weight or work your muscles. More and more different types of yoga are being developed and the original poses have been adapted to suit modern needs. Yoga has become so fashionable worldwide that a lot of companies are using pictures of people doing yoga to sell their products!

But one of the most famous things about modern Indian culture is the Indian film industry, known as Bollywood. The usual story is about a boy and a girl who love each other but their families don't approve. There is a lot of dancing and singing in the film as the boy and girl try to convince their families to let them marry. The increasing interest in Bollywood films inspired Andrew Lioyd Webber to produce the musical Bombay Dreams, which is the first Indian-theme musical shown on Broadway.

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