福州2025-2026学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高一英语

1、The WHO urged that all the countries ______ measures to prevent COVID-19 spreading.

A.take B.must take C.are to take D.took

2、Observation, reason and experiment make up ______ we call the scientific method.

A. which B. how

C. that D. what

3、Most of them were ___________ my opinion while David was against it.

A.in honor of B.in favor of C.in search of D.in memory of

4、________and excited, the doctors from all over the country took part in the battle against novel coronavirus.

A．Being honored

B．Honoring

C．Honored

D．To be honoring

5、You________have scolded him for his poor performance.After all,he had done his best.

A.wouldn’t B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t

6、As soon as she arrived home,she_____tidying up the room.

A.set about B.set out C.set down D.set off

7、Many college students are willing to work in Western China after graduation ______, poor and backward as it is, more opportunities of employment are available.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

8、Environmentalists fear that this is a short-sighted ______ to the problem of global warming.

A. means B. approach

C. method D. way

9、Many Chinese brands, ______ their reputations over centuries, are _______ new challenges from the modern market.

A. having developed, facing B. being developed, faced

C. developed, faced D. developing, facing

10、Michael had a serious fall in playing football and his under lip began to ______ up.

A. wind B. split

C. choke D. swell

11、More than one person________ involved (参与) in the case.

A.is B.are C.has D.have

12、Where is my pen？I ____it.

A.might lose B.would have lost

C.should have lost D.must have lost

13、To be honest, she had a great ______ for the small town where she grew up.

A. effect B. effort

C. affection D. patience

14、At last, the _____ jewelry turned out to be completely _____!

A.priceless, worthless B.worthless, valuable

C.priceless, valuable D.worthless, inexpensive

15、It was a significant _______ that a Chinese search vessel, Haixun 01 picked up signals consistent with black box technology _______ the South Indian Ocean for the missing plane.

A.discovery, when sailing B.finding, when shipping

C.outcome, when searching for D.breakthrough, when combing through

16、—Tom________Mary two years ago.

—You mean they have ________ for two years.

A.got married with；been married to B.got married to；been married

C.was married to；got married D.was married with；been married

17、The other girls rushed ________ me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind.

A.from behind B.ahead of C.next to D.close to

18、Without access to the Internet, they found themselves ______ from the outside world.

A．cut off

B．cutting off

C．cut up

D．cutting up

19、Whitney Houston’s sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem ________ we should deal with it appropriately.

A. as B. that C. which D. where

20、—What do you think of the talent show last night, Jessica?

—Well, it was so boring that some people ________ during the show.

A. dropped by B. dropped off C. dropped behind D. dropped in

21、After the dinner party, most guests left, with only two of them _______ in the host family, ______ him clear up.

A. remaining; helped B. remaining; helping

C. remained; helped D. remained; helping

22、These people are very efficient, very ___________ and excellent time managers.

A. organised B. organiser

C. organise D. organisation

23、Lucy has ________ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.

A.acquired B.finished C.concluded D.achieved

24、They don't allow ______ here．That is to say，we are not allowed _____ here．

A.to smoke； to smoke B.smoking； smoking

C.to smoke； smoking D.smoking； to smoke

25、The local government provided ________ for the homeless soon after the flood.

A.possessions B.accommodations C.souvenirs D.groceries

26、   Statistics show that most toddlers (刚学走路的小孩) learn how to say about 20 words by 18 months. Talking is easy. If you ask anyone, none will remember how they started doing it, it just comes naturally.

But what might not flow as smoothly as words, is body language. It's a whole different deal when you're using your hands, eyes or head instead of your tongue. And what makes it even more complicated is the fact that body language differs all around the world.

I find it shockingly amazing how just a small finger gesture could mean one thing in the east and the completely opposite in the west. For instance, in Japan bowing is the most common greeting. It shows respect and Japanese pay a lot of attention to the details like the timing, posture and movement. A bow in Japan represents sincerity, respect and graciousness. While in New Zealand Maori, the pressing of noses and foreheads is the traditional greeting. They call it "hongi”; which is regarded as the breath of life.

For most of us, nodding our head up and down often means agreement, but not for the Bulgarians or Greeks. In both cultures, nodding one's head up and down actually means“no”. The American goodbye wave could actually be interpreted (领会) as a“no”in many parts of Europe and Latin America. And the Italian goodbye wave would be understood in America as a “come here” and the American “come here” gesture would actually be seen as an insult (侮辱) in most of Asia.

So before you travel to explore a different culture, make sure you're aware of alternate meanings for body language. We live in a world with many different cultures, so don't forget how differently one hand gesture can be interpreted!

【1】What makes body language misunderstood often?

A.Its wide uses. B.Its smooth flowing.

C.Its difficulties in understanding. D.The background of different cultures.

【2】What does the pressing of noses and foreheads mean in New Zealand?

A.Breath. B.Respect. C.Tradition. D.Greeting.

【3】In which country does nodding mean “no”?

A.America. B.Greece. C.New Zealand. D.Japan.

【4】What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.The Origin of Body Language B.The Limitation of Culture

C.Body Language Around the World D.The Difference of Culture Around the World

27、Nowadays，there is a trend that more and more people spend their holidays in foreign countries.【1】So read our travel tips that are simple and practical，and you can always enjoy your travels.

On a business card，write down the emergency contact's information and place it in your wallet.【2】Give your emergency contact a copy of your travel plan，a passport data page，and the visa information. Give each piece of your luggage a unique look：tie a bright handkerchief to a handle or purchase a colored luggage tag.【3】If you don't speak the local language，carry a matchbox，or a brochure with the name and address of your destination.【4】

To avoid being a target of crime，don't wear eye catching clothing：dress conservatively (保守地)，and don't wear or carry obvious signs of wealth (gold watches，expensive jewelry and etc.) and don't carry more cash than necessary.【5】

To make sure of a safe journey and avoid some unnecessary trouble when traveling in foreign countries，you could never be too careful.

A．Also，don't accept packages from strangers.

B．Once your wallet is stolen，you can let them know.

C．Good preparations can always help you out as well.

D．You can show it to taxi drivers when asking for directions.

E．It will be easier for you to keep track of your bag from a distance.

F．Of course everyone wants his travels to be trouble-free and enjoyable.

G．Include the name of anyone who should be contacted in an emergency.

28、   If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统), small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC, 美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself, I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.

For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.

The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.

Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于) farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food.

There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can’t clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.

【1】The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .

A. the progress made in car industry   B. the importance of investing in car industry

C. a trend of development in agriculture   D. a special feature of agriculture

【2】What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?

A. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.

B. Loans to small local farmers are necessary.

C. Technology is vital for agricultural development.

D. Competition between small and big farms is fierce.

【3】What is the difficulty for those new farmers?

A. To gain more financial aid.   B. To hire good farm managers.

C. To have farms of their own.   D. To win old farmers’ support.

【4】What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?

A. Invest more to improve technology.   B. Expand farmland conservation.

C. Become members of NYFC.   D. Seek support beyond NYFC.

29、The Summer Holiday Activities for Families in the UK

While the Astronaut spacewalk, Manchester last year remains in the memory of some families, our week-by-week guide to the school summer break this year features a host of special events and outdoor fun for kids, from open-air cinema and live music to coming face to face with dinosaurs.

Polar fun, Edinburgh

Dynamic Earth in Edinburgh is keeping cool this summer with lots of polar-themed activities, including family science shows on the Arctic and Antarctic, icy experiments, and craft designs where kids can make their own penguin, walrus or polar bear.

Until 28 August, ￡15 adults, ￡9.50 children, dynamicearth. Co. uk.

Dinosaur events, various locations

Dinosaurs in the Wild is a vivid, walk-through experience taking visitors back 67 million years to the late Cretaceous period. Dinosaur Babies is an exhibition of dinosaur embryos and eggs, plus a model nest. Dinosaurs of China displays fossils and skeletons never before seen in Europe.

Until 23 August, NEC in Birmingham, then 7 October to 7 January, Event City Manchester, ￡29.50 adults, ￡26 children, dinosaursinthewild. Com.

Proud Country House kids fest, Brighton

Just 15 minutes from the centre of Brighton, this 18th century Georgian manor house in Stammer Park has a packed program of events and activities on throughout the summer, including storytelling in the forest, guided bike rides, tree climbing and family yoga.

1 July~10 September, prices vary, usually from￡5~10，booking for events required but house and gardens can be visited without booking, stammer house. co. UK / kids fest.

【1】Which activity is not included this year?

A.Astronaut spacewalk. B.Open-air cinema.

C.Live music. D.Face to face with dinosaurs.

【2】If you want to take the activity in December, where should you go?

A.Edinburgh. B.Birmingham.

C.Manchester. D.Brighton.

【3】Which activity should be booked?

A.Polar fun. B.Dinosaur events.

C.Family yoga. D.Visiting gardens.

30、Even 15 years after my grandfather's death，he is still following me around, ______ in my ear on what to do. He is still the British-accented ______ in my head, giving me a nod of ______ for my right choice, and raising an eyebrow ______ he disagrees with something I'm doing. His wise and optimistic views ______ to affect my life.

My grandfather walked 10,000 steps ______ every day, and not because he had a $100 fitness tracker ______ him to do so. Instead of “exercising,” he worked in his garden, ______ vegetables that kept our family through many winters and roses that were the joy of many summers.

He was good to the ______ in the way that people used to be before they had to be told it was the ______ thing to do. Actually, he never ______ a car or learned to drive, so he walked everywhere he could and took a bus the rest of the time.

After my grandmother died, I used to go and ______ with him on weekends. We walked around, chatted to the neighbors, and went to the ______ for food and milk. Occasionally I would ______ a little cake for him in his kitchen. At the end of the day, before he ______ the light, he would say, “That was a (a) ______ day. I enjoyed every minute of it.” I never doubted for a moment that he ______ it.

In the morning, I'd ______ to his whistling in the kitchen downstairs (usually it was Raindrops Keep Falling on Mr Head). At the time, it ______ me—I am not a morning person—but now I'd give anything to hear that ______ one more time.

【1】

A．singing

B．ringing

C．whispering

D．asking

【2】

A．adviser

B．storyteller

C．professor

D．director

【3】

A．thanks

B．greeting

C．approval

D．confidence

【4】

A．until

B．though

C．unless

D．when

【5】

A．fail

B．continue

C．happen

D．try

【6】

A．unexpectedly

B．deliberately

C．routinely

D．randomly

【7】

A．urging

B．allowing

C．training

D．enabling

【8】

A．selling

B．watering

C．offering

D．growing

【9】

A．friends

B．environment

C．family

D．neighborhood

【10】

A．right

B．strange

C．funny

D．easy

【11】

A．invented

B．repaired

C．owned

D．rented

【12】

A．keep up

B．stay in touch

C．put up

D．hang out

【13】

A．bank

B．grocery store

C．garden

D．post office

【14】

A．cut

B．bake

C．decorate

D．order

【15】

A．turned off

B．shone up

C．cleaned up

D．checked on

【16】

A．ordinary

B．busy

C．inspiring

D．good

【17】

A．meant

B．made

C．admitted

D．put

【18】

A．get down

B．wake up

C．give in

D．look forward

【19】

A．refreshed

B．discouraged

C．attracted

D．annoyed

【20】

A．song

B．word

C．whistle

D．voice

31、   I'm sure many of you arc familiar with the New Year’s resolution(决 心) --get _______ . After a Christmas of staving _______ , watching television and eating far too much chocolate decided enough was enough. January was going to be_______ 、January was going to be the start of the new. healthy me—less chocolate, more _______ . an all-round healthier lifestyle. But how was I going to do this? As I _______  , the Internet looking for inspiration,! realized just how _________ , I knew about ways to get fit. _______  exercise, had always thought you either played a team sport like_______ or went to the gym . And with the arrival of January snow, playing football outside didn't seem like die best option. And as I have a deep-rooted terror of _______running machines, the gym wasn't going to work out cither Plus Eve never quite understood the concept of  ________ to run inside when you could run outside for free!

________I knew that I needed to research my options further. The first thing I found was the world of YouTube exercise videos .There are videos for just about everything. The__________  thing about YouTube videos is that they are free, they are ________（you can do them whenever you want)and you don't have to ________your nice warm house to do them. But  ________ you do them with a friend it's tough to ________yourself to keep going, and without an instructor there with you it's sometimes hard to know if you're doing the move ________  .

I then researched local fitness classes and found my small town to be absolutely swimming with ________ ! I quickly signed up to the overall sports club, had a look at the weekly timetable and  ________  to try them all out. So far I have tried out most of them. My ________ ones are by far the dance-based ones that take place to music, because it makes exercise so much more fun!

【1】A. rich B. fit C. busy D. ready

【2】A. alone B. abroad C. inactive D. positive

【3】A. hard B. similar C. relaxing D. different

【4】A. workouts B. foods C. fun D. sleep

【5】A. looked B. surfed C. checked D. enjoyed

【6】A. few B. much C. little D. many

【7】A. In case of B. In addition to C. In terms of D. In spite of

【8】A. tennis B. basketball C. badminton D. football

【9】A. getting off B. taking off C. giving off D. falling of

【10】A. paying B. planning C. practicing D. playing

【11】A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Otherwise

【12】A. serious B. confusing C. wonderful D. amusing

【13】A. cheap B. flexible C. useful D. safe

【14】A. clean B. leave C. build D. buy

【15】A. if B. though C. since D. unless

【16】A. force B. encourage C. stimulate D. motivate

【17】A. smartly B. quickly C. correctly D. beautifully

【18】A. opportunity B. danger C. pressure D. patience

【19】A. agreed B. decided C. believed D. advised

【20】A. favorite B. creative C. ordinary D. regular

32、   Pausing uncertainly was not the way of the world of Mr. Matthews. This red-haired, red-bearded, red-faced man beckoned (召唤) _______ to me to enter. I walked _______ to a seat, and in three minutes of observation was _______ that I had never known an adult like him. He laughed from his belly, moved his ears on request (一经请求), and his face then turned even _______. His students loved him; it was _______ from the way they greeted him to the way they relaxed _______ they entered his room.

_______, I was not relaxed. I was uninterested in writing. My only _______ writing experience had been in cloth-covered books with more room for illustrations (插画) than print. I _______ what to expect from a class __________ was just called “Writing”, but I was certain I wasn’t going to like it.

Yet Mr. Matthews spent that first class __________ us. He told stories, jokes, and then dismissed us early for a rest. Our __________ to write about the best part of summer seemed almost an afterthought for him.

However, I was seized by an inexplicable (莫名其妙的) __________ to do my homework. It wasn’t __________ specific he had said in class that day, but the way he had acted. I wanted this man to like and __________ of me, and the quickest way to __________ this was through my writing.

That night, despite having dealt with a word processor all of twice in my life, I wrote with passion (热情). Proudly __________ the next morning, I was sure it was the best thing I’d ever written. For the rest of the year, this one-man audience __________ me to improve constantly. The fifth grader would never have guessed that, six years later, __________ would become a voluntary, daily activity, __________ from journals to emails to poetry workshops to newspapers.

【1】A.roughly B.wildly C.currently D.eventually

【2】A.over B.out C.for D.up

【3】A.attracted B.exposed C.greeted D.convinced

【4】A.rougher B.milder C.redder D.tighter

【5】A.severe B.evident C.enjoyable D.accurate

【6】A.when B.while C.after D.which

【7】A.On the contrary B.At most C.In particular D.In advance

【8】A.admirable B.splendid C.previous D.optimistic

【9】A.appealed to B.put forward C.took up D.had no idea

【10】A.who B.that C.where D.in which

【11】A.instructing B.assessing C.entertaining D.guiding

【12】A.assignment B.exhibition C.preference D.deadline

【13】A.fantasy B.expectation C.reputation D.desire

【14】A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing

【15】A.possess B.consist C.approve D.inform

【16】A.adore B.update C.polish D.earn

【17】A.handing it in B.marking it out C.casting it down D.trying it out

【18】A.punish B.thrill C.demand D.inspired

【19】A.publishing B.writing C.challenging D.attempting

【20】A.transforming B.processing C.remarking D.undertaking

33、   I'm Robin Woods. I'm always the first to make a good joke and _______  my work away at the end of the day. But somehow, I'm _______  the first to be picked for teams and plays. I have always been the outcast,_______ and alone.

“This year our play will be the story of Robin Hood and his Merry Men,” our teacher, Miss Goody,  ___________  the whole class. “Who would like to be Robin Hood?” I  ___________  my hand up into the air. Of course, everybody wanted the biggest and best part, especially bossy Bradley.

“_________  for a part and I’ll test you on Monday and decide who will be best for each part,” said Miss Goody, handing out pages of the script. “… And of course, we’ll need lots of trees to be the forest.”

“You’ll be a little baby bush…,” Bradley_______ me. “Or a teeny-tiny leaf.”

I_______ him and took a copy of the Robin Hood words and began my practicing on the way home.

On Monday I did some brilliant acting and I remembered all my _________. I got the part. Bradley got the part of Little John. Becky was one of the ladies-in-waiting. Jordan was the minstrel(吟游艺人), who told the________ in song with a little strum of the guitar every now and then.

We had three weeks to learn our parts. Becky offered to________ with me. She played Little John's part and gave me ________  on fighting. Bradley, who still really wanted to be Robin Hood, often came over to watch. He seemed to be waiting for me to make mistakes. I felt________, with knocking knees and cold feet. But I was determined to be the best Robin Hood ever. I had got the part of a hero and a hero I shall be.

At home, Granddad came to help me. He could play the guitar and even made up a minstrel dance. He was really getting into the minstrel’s________, which cheered me up and made learning my part much easier and funny.

In the final dress rehearsal that afternoon, Bradley was really getting carried away in that fighting-to-get-across-the-river________. He was shouting louder and louder and pushing harder and harder until he lost his ________  and fell off the bridge. He had hurt his ankle! Worse still, Jordan had got a flu. Probably we had to ________ that night’s performance for it was just impossible to find two new actors who could learn the parts before________ and, most importantly, could play the guitar. Girls wailed and sobbed. Boys sighed and shuffled their feet.

It was I that put forward a________：Granddad could play the part of the minstrel; Becky did the part of Little John and Carly could have her part as lady-in-waiting. Miss Goody sighed with relief. Everybody burst into tears of joy.

The performance that night was a great success. I felt like a________.

【1】A.tidy B.throw C.push D.drag

【2】A.sometimes B.frequently C.always D.never

【3】A.unattended B.unassisted C.unwanted D.unmoved

【4】A.taught B.gathered C.dismissed D.lectured

【5】A.seized B.trembled C.shot D.shook

【6】A.Look out B.Try out C.Stand out D.Speak out

【7】A.blamed B.threatened C.teased D.cheated

【8】A.admired B.abused C.respected D.ignored

【9】A.stories B.texts C.passages D.lines

【10】A.tale B.truth C.result D.difference

【11】A.dance B.sing C.perform D.practice

【12】A.knives B.tips C.guns D.signals

【13】A.nervous B.disappointed C.important D.honored

【14】A.part B.team C.band D.house

【15】A.accident B.incident C.scene D.event

【16】A.sword B.stick C.position D.balance

【17】A.cancel B.give C.improve D.evaluate

【18】A.dawn B.dusk C.midday D.midnight

【19】A.theory B.solution C.budget D.principle

【20】A.director B.composer C.hero D.teacher

34、A: Excuse me, do you know where the chemistry lab is?

B: Yes. It’s just on the fifth floor of this b【1】.

A: How often do you do c【2】experiments there?

B: Twice a week.

A: Can you go there without a t【3】?

B: No. That’s not allowed.

A: What does the teacher often tell you to do when you are doing an e【4】?

B: He often tells us to look c【5】and follow the i【6】.

A: What will you do when you finish the experiment?

B: We must put e【7】back in the cupboards and wash our hands.

A: Right. It is very i【8】to keep the lab clean.

B: Yes, safe as well. We must turn off the e【9】before l【10】the lab.

35、Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the proper form of the words or expressions given in the frame. Each one can only be used once.

Why your Password May Not Be As Safe As It Seems?  Does “qaz2ws” strike you as a nice safe password? What about “adgjmptw”? An analysis has found them to be among the passwords that are most 【1】 used, which of course means they are not secure at all.

When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet，they appeared to 【2】that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful, even if, in the specific case of the leaked passwords, they are also completely pointless.

While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password”，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to【3】. The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.

“Users are becoming slightly more 【4】what makes a password strong,” explained WP Engine, an internet company that performed the analysis. “For instance, adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase. That makes it better, right?”

But 【5】no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.

Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords. Yahoo! is giving users the option to 【6】 their mobile phone with an account, having a single use passwords texted to it each time they want to log on.

Although the serviced is voluntary, Dylan Casey an executive at Yahoo!，said that it was “the first step to【7】passwords”. He said it was a(n)【8】that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I don’t think we, as an industry, have done a good enough job of putting ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,” he said.

It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same people’s improving upon “password” by using “password” or，“tran5p053d numb3r5 f0r 133tr3r5”.

“We are, for the most part，predictably【9】when it comes to choosing passwords, despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups” said WP Engine. “We love taking a(n) 【10】, and so do password crackers.

36、课文填空

Yet, some people are【1】 They claim that surfing the Internet is a waste of time. They make the 【2】 that children spend too much time chatting and playing games instead of 【3】 on their school work. However, a recent survey conducted in the USA shows that 80 per cent of Internet users 【4】 it mostly to search for answers to questions. The second most common use of the Internet, for 79 per cent of Internet users, is to find out information about hobbies. These statistics prove that gathering information is the 【5】 use for the Internet.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

“Good news,” Mom said, with a bright smile on her face. "The Parker family wants Surfer. They'll be here in an hour to take him home. ” Surfer had been with us for two days. While I was sad at the thought of seeing him go, I knew I couldn't keep him.

My family operate a foster home（收养所）for pets. Surfer had been in an animal shelter, and he was sent to us so we could place him with a loving family. Surfer was a cute puppy, so finding a home for him had been very easy. Dad entered Surfer's information into a pet adoption website, along with some photos, and within a few hours, the Parkers applied to adopt him. Mom looked over their application, and they seemed like responsible people, so she called them.

However, not every dog was so lucky. Zooey was nine years old, and she'd been with us for a few months. It seemed like nobody wanted to adopt an older dog. Dad said that was a shame because older dogs made wonderful companions. Zooey's previous owner had treated her terribly, and when she was sent to us she was injured. I remember how angry Dad seemed at the time. "No dog should be treated like that,“ he said.

When Zooey came to us, she was upset around everyone. She barked at our two dogs as if in defense and backed away when I tried to approach her. But with our considerate care, it wasn't long before Zooey trusted us. I took her on walks around the neighborhood and got her used to other people and dogs. She took a real liking to Surfer. In fact, they often curled together as they napped（打盹）.

The Parkers soon arrived, and we all went into the backyard so they could meet with Surfer. Zooey followed us out, her tail wagging lazily, as Surfer rolled in the grass with the two Parker children.

注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1 ：

When Surfer got tired, he wandered back to Zooey.

Paragraph 2 ：

Mr. and Mrs. Parker asked if they could adopt Zooey too

39、假定你是李华，你校将举办"诵经典；学汉语"(Read Classics and Learn Chinese)活动,你的英国朋友John对此很感兴趣，发邮件向你询问有关情况，请 根据以下要点用英语给他回复。

1 .活动时间及地点；2 .诵读内容及形式；3 .邀请他参加。

注意:

1词数100左右；2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Hi John,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

40、从二十世纪 90 年代以来，中国私家车产量不断增加，到 2018 年已经达到 3.22 亿辆。汽车带给人们方便的同时，也产生了许多问题。请给“树德之声”写一篇英语短文，希望同学们关注这些问题。要点如下：

1、中国私家车的发展及其好处

2、私家车增长带来的问题（如堵塞、污染、事故等）

3、针对问题，提出改善措施

注意：1.词数 100-120 左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2. 信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear editor，

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

41、假如你是你校学生会主席李华。介于春节期间于武汉爆发的新型冠状病毒传染病的严峻形势，为了配合国家联防联控的举措，你需要对你校师生拟出一份通知。内容如下：

1、简单介绍当前严峻形势；

2、防控该传染病应釆取的措施；

3、意义。

参考词汇：novel coronavirus新型冠状病毒；medical mask医用口罩

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