眉山2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高一英语

1、I can’t remember _____________ made the teacher give Mary the permission to leave the class earlier.

A．that it was what

B．what it was that

C．what was it that

D．that was it what

2、 I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I________coffee.

A.prefer B.preferred C.have preferred D.am preferring

3、Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere ________ would encourage their children to read books.

A. that B. what C. where D. when

4、No matter how busy he is, Tom makes ______a rule to see his parents every week.

A.this B.that C.it D.him

5、I have a(n) ________to make to you——I opened your letter by mistake.

A．apology

B．disadvantage

C．fault

D．shortcoming

6、The students enjoyed this new game, _________ was named after the school.

A.where B.whose C.which D.who

7、—Shall I check it now?

—_______. I’ll ask Vicky to check it when she leaves.

A．Don’t bother

B．Hurry up

C．Sounds good

D．It depends

8、Thinking that you know ________ in fact you don't know is a serious mistake.

A.what B.that C.when D.however

9、Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time __ the exam.

A. pass B. to pass

C. passed D. passing

10、These eighteen-century oil paintings are _______ so well that the visitors are greatly amazed.

A.preserved B.protested C.purchased D.punished

11、—How do you study English?

—I study English               talking with foreign students.

A.by B.on C.at D.up

12、We can't imagine what they're ________ under such horrible conditions.

A．going out

B．going down

C．going through

D．going up

13、Kathy _________ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.

A.picked up B.took up

C.made up D.turned up

14、She couldn't help _______ into tears when she heard the news.

A.burst B.bursting C.bursts D.to burst

15、I found it difficult to ___________ getting up so early before, but I did finally managed.

A. be tired of B. be convinced of

C. be accustomed to D. be obsessed with

16、The police were on the ________ within a few minutes.

A.place B.position C.spot D.location

17、_______with the research,he had no time to play with his son.

A.Occupied B.Occupying C.To occupy D.Having occupied

18、We encourage students to ____________ fully in the running of the college.

A. paint B. panic

C. participate D. point

19、The majority of the office equipment, as well as two windows, ________ repaired yesterday.

A．were

B．was

C．are

D．is

20、___ the old man's sons wanted to know was ___ the gold had been hidden .

A.That ; what B.What ; where C.What ; that D.Whether ; if

21、Millions of A$50 banknotes have an embarrassing spelling error that was overlooked by Australian central bank before they were printed and _________.

A.circulated B.distributed C.allocated D.extended

22、Only when he told me________what trouble he was in.

A．did I realize B．I realized

C．do I realize   D．I realize

23、A lot of people _____the theory that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain.

A.apply to B.submit to C.relate to D.subscribe to

24、______ the heart attack, Monica brought her doctor a bunch of flowers to express her thanks.

A. Surviving     B. To survive

C. Survived  D. Having survived

25、Rare________it is in men, there are cases of men developing breast cancer.

A.when B.since C.while D.as

26、   Abandoned around 900 years ago soon after its decoration started, Ta Keo (塔高寺) has been revived by Chinese and Cambodian experts.

The Angkor (吴哥窟) complex spreads over an area of 400 square kilometers. It was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1992. However, due to heavy rains, stealing and lack of protection for centuries, most temples of Angkor were seriously damaged.

In order to better protect and conserve these pearls of human civilization, China joined ICC-Angkor, an international campaign launched by Cambodia and  UNESCO in 1993. From Chausay Tevada to Ta Keo, the Chinese team has earned trust and established a good reputation.

“Its unfinished status shows the construction procedures of temples in Angkor. This gives Ta Keo irreplaceable value in the study of Angkor’s architecture,” said Jin Zhaoyu, an engineer from the CACH (中国文化遗产研究院).

Such uniqueness, however, presented greater challenges. Compared with Chausay Tevada, it covers a larger area and has more risks including unsteady stone structures, a poor drainage system and fallen key parts.

“Because the construction is unfinished, many fallen parts are not carved, leaving little information of its relations with other parts,” said Jin.

Jin showed archives of those fallen parts, each with its ID file, picture and dimensions. He said, “Every stone is unique. If one stone is in the wrong position, the gap will grow wider as you restore it and an accurate restoration will be impossible.”

To better understand the temple’s structure and precisely restore it, the team applied the most advanced technologies, including 3D laser scanning and mapping, structural research and drone recording, to build a complete digital model of Ta Keo.

Jin demonstrated the 3D model system, with which they restored the temple hundreds of times. “I can measure the dimensions of every stone and every gap in computer, and search the right stone that can fit in the gap,” Jin said.

This is much easier said than done.  Dozens of Chinese experts from various fields worked together with Cambodian colleagues to overcome a string of obstacles. It took them eight years to restore Ta Keo.

【1】What can we learn about the Angkor complex from the text?

A.It has the largest size of its kind worldwide

B.Its significance has been ignored for a long time

C.It is in poor condition due to a variety of reasons

D.It was abandoned because of its poor decoration

【2】Why is Ta Keo so important in the field of architecture?

A.It covers a very large area. B.It has a history of over 900 years.

C.It tells how the temple was built. D.It was on the World Heritage List.

【3】What was the biggest challenge the Chinese team faced while restoring Ta Keo?

A.Knowing little about its structure. B.Building the 3D model system.

C.Serious damage it had suffered. D.Cooperation with Cambodian colleagues.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A.Hi-tech Applied to Restore Ta Keo

B.Protecting Pearls of Human Civilization

C.International Cooperation and Restoration

D.China’s Role in Restoring Cambodian Heritage

27、A strong coffee after a poor night's sleep is the kick-start many people need in the morning but new research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.

A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control - a risk factor for diabetes （糖尿病）and heart disease.

“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee --- subjectively the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee,“ said Professor James Betts, at the University of Bath in the UK.

For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.

In one, the participants had a normal night's sleep, roughly from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m., and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted night's sleep, where the researchers woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond — and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.

On another night, participants experienced the same sleep interruption, but this time were first given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.

They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and insulin （胰 岛素）responses when compared to the normal night's sleep-- although previous research suggested that losing many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50% — suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.

【1】What does the underlined word “kick-start" in paragraph 1 refer to?

A．A kind of sport.

B．A kind of power.

C．A kind of medicine.

D．A kind of belief.

【2】What was unchanged in the three experiments?

A．The duration of sleep.

B．The blood sugar response.

C．The sugary drink.

D．The intake of coffee.

【3】What increased the participants' blood sugar response most before breakfast?

A．A normal sugary drink.

B．A normal night's sleep.

C．An interrupted night's sleep.

D．A cup of strong black coffee.

【4】How did researchers draw the conclusion?

A．By comparing the results.

B．By listing some examples.

C．By surveying the participants.

D．By referring to some documents.

28、   British artist Amy Sharrocks collects nearly all kinds of water. In 2013 she set up the Museum of Water, a live piece of artwork that travels all over the world and invited people to donate water—from spit to melted snow—in a bottle and discuss what it means to them.

The program aims to understand why people treasure water and help prepare them for a drier future and climate，Ms. Sharrocks told an audience of climate experts, activists and museum curators(馆长). 'For example, we show them how to have three minute showers to better deal with water shortages，' she said.

Amy is not alone as a matter of fact. As world leaders increasingly face up to the serious results of climate change，curators are planning a new wave of museums, which are devoted to what many consider a vital issue of the times. In 2015, a former lawyer Miranda Massie created the first United States museum which was entirely devoted to climate change in New York City. 'Climate change is affecting virtually every aspect of our lives，' Ms. Massie said. 'But we can't fight the problem with topdown policies alone. We need the public to participate and museums are a way to open people's mind to what matters. '

Bridget McKenzie, director of Flow Associates, wanted to raise awareness of the dilemma of the Pacific island nations, which are particularly vulnerable(易受伤害的) to rising sea level. So with her team she set up a 'ghost boat' made of old fish nets at the University of Cambridge's Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, and asked visitors what they would take with them if they were suddenly forced to leave their homes.

While museums can be a powerful way of communicating the effects of climate change, they should also practice what they spread and control their own emissions (排放物). 'Roughly half of cities' emissions come from energy use in buildings, ' said Elliot Goodger, a museums' association representative of the West Midlands in Britain，'museums have a duty to be energy efficient, for example, by using laser lighting for displays or improving their building materials. '

【1】Why did Amy Sharrocks set up the Museum of Water?

A.To help people get rid of water shortages.

B.To collect some special water worldwide.

C.To remind people to attach importance to water.

D.To warn people of the danger of a drier future.

【2】What can we learn from Massie's words in Paragraph 3?

A.Fighting climate change demands joint efforts.

B.More climate museums should be built in future.

C.Climate change is a matter of concern to the public.

D.Policy responses to climate change need improving.

【3】What can visitors learn when visiting the 'ghost boat'？

A.What is valuable to people.

B.What causes sea level to rise.

C.Rising sea level puts people's homes at risk.

D.The Earth's climate change endangers fishing.

【4】What may Goodger advise climate museums to do?

A.Take the initiative.

B.Lead by example.

C.Change their traditional functions.

D.Add climate topics to their programs.

29、   How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments－mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful?

Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.

Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals’ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species’ name, diet, and natural range(分布区). The animals’ normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don’t usually take care of the animals’ natural needs.

The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusually self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.

Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding(圈养繁殖) of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven’t we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?

Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats.

【1】In the state of zoochosis, animals _________.

A.remain in cages B.behave strangely

C.attack other animals D.enjoy moving around

【2】What does the author try to argue in the passage?

A.Zoos are not worth the public support.

B.Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals.

C.Zoos should treat animals as human beings.

D.Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment.

【3】The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by _________.

A.pointing out the faults in what zoos do

B.using evidence he has collected at zoos

C.questioning the way animals are protected

D.discussing the advantages of natural habitats

【4】Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that __________.

A.zoos have to keep animals in small cages

B.most animals in zoos are endangered species

C.some endangered animals are reproduced in zoos

D.it’s acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats

30、   Some so-called friends may have told you that what you have been fighting for is not within your ______ and that you have no chance to succeed. The question is, do you believe them and change your dreams or goals?

If you choose to believe these types of ______ and start to believe what others say about you, you have given ______ of your life, your destiny, to the opinions, thoughts and feelings of others.

Two years ago, I happened to meet a lady at a local market who wanted to branch out further in her life by starting to ______ her own small home business. She worked ______ for a group home(教养院) in the day but wanted to ______ better control of her destiny. She was ______ to quit her boring day job, afraid that she wouldn’t be ______ to make enough money. Her biggest ______ was not her ability; it was her ______ in herself.

Most of her friends and acquaintances(熟人) ______ her ability to be a business owner, or suggested that she should just ______ about her business idea and keep her job, telling her that jobs were hard to come by. ______ for her, though, she did not want to give up her idea. And, while she continued to have doubts about what she really wanted to do, her goal was totally ______ by a new business acquaintance.

Her business acquaintance gave her encouragement and made time ______ whenever she needed suggestions, or just to talk about business issues. Though she had all the right plans and the ability to succeed, she ______ her own obstacle. The good news is that she continued, even though she was ______ with self-doubt, and quit her day job to go it alone last year.

What she conquered(克服) was ______ issues around developing her business; she conquered her own anxiety, her own self-doubt. She succeeded because she did not ______the naysayers(反对者); she succeeded because she ______ the greatest obstacle – her own belief in herself.

【1】A.reach B.sight C.knowledge D.distance

【2】A.answers B.explanations C.comments D.suggestions

【3】A.rules B.goals C.pace D.control

【4】A.expand B.shut C.reduce D.protect

【5】A.calmly B.unwillingly C.excitedly D.independently

【6】A.obey B.escape C.gain D.admit

【7】A.hesitant B.eager C.willing D.upset

【8】A.free B.worried C.satisfied D.able

【9】A.drive B.challenge C.strength D.adventure

【10】A.opinion B.interest C.belief D.pride

【11】A.doubted B.noticed C.praised D.recognized

【12】A.worry B.forget C.think D.discuss

【13】A.Interestingly B.Surprisingly C.Particularly D.Fortunately

【14】A.adjusted B.objected C.achieved D.supported

【15】A.available B.helpful C.enjoyable D.painful

【16】A.defeated B.avoided C.remained D.ignored

【17】A.struggling B.mixing C.agreeing D.competing

【18】A.equal to B.more than C.far from D.along with

【19】A.argue with B.listen to C.rely on D.refer to

【20】A.suffered B.prevented C.overcame D.skipped

31、   A periwig is a style of wig that was popular between the 17th and 19th centuries, particularly in men’s fashions. It also played a part in _________ some sort of hygienic (卫生的) standard. The modern term for a hairpiece (假发) — wig, is believed to have _________ from periwigs.

Wigs were popular in the ancient cultures of Egypt and Greece for the _________ they offered from the sun. After the fall of Rome, they fell out of _________ for centuries. It wasn’t until the time of French King Louis XⅢ that wigs became popular again. In fact, many experts _________ the prematurely bald king on his wigs he was wearing in the French court, _________ the long, curly style called the periwig.

The styling of the periwig _________ with time and trend. Later fashions often required that the wigs be powdered with a mixture of flow and starch to make them appear _________. For the best wigs, human hair was used, _________ less expensive versions used animal hair or mixed the two together.

Wigs were used not only to conceal ____________, but to protect the wearers from lice (虱子). Throughout the Middle Ages, most European countries considered bathing unhealthy. It was not ____________ for nobles to bathe only once a year. As a result, people often shaved their heads, as their bathing ____________ did nothing to prevent lice in their hair. Wigs were also often infested (爬满) with lice, but were ____________ for comfort.

After King Charles Ⅱ came into power again in England, the trend became popular among the British. Charles spent the better part of his exiled (流放的) youth in the French court, and gained much ____________ for French styles. Between the King of England and King Louis XIV of France, periwigs became a ____________ for the courts of both nations.

【1】A.enjoying B.applying C.maintaining D.lowering

【2】A.developed B.prevented C.distinguished D.suffered

【3】A.attraction B.temptation C.civilization D.protection

【4】A.sight B.popularity C.control D.order

【5】A.admire B.blame C.charge D.compliment

【6】A.in particular B.except for C.thanks to D.together with

【7】A.continued B.disappeared C.varied D.mixed

【8】A.black B.red C.green D.white

【9】A.because B.although C.unless D.since

【10】A.identity B.appearance C.baldness D.personality

【11】A.uncertain B.uncommon C.unfortunate D.unnecessary

【12】A.hobbies B.costumes C.carpets D.habits

【13】A.acceptable B.removable C.considerable D.breakable

【14】A.appreciation B.experience C.support D.confidence

【15】A.decoration B.custom C.necessity D.therapy

32、   Dad had a green comb(梳子). He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his_______and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?”

I was_______to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such_______. I would excitedly turn the tap_______and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I'd done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would_______affectionately(慈祥地) at me and place the comb on his wallet.

Two years later, Dad started his own_______, which wasn't doing so well. That was when things started to_______. Dad didn't come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became_______with him for placing our family in trouble. With_______, an uncomfortable silence grew between us.

After my graduation, Dad's business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home________. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me________my comb?” I looked at him a while, then ________the comb and headed to the sink.

It hit me then: why, as a child,________Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine(习惯) meant Dad was home early to________the evening with Mum and me. It________a happy and loving family.

I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and________placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something________. Dad had aged. He had wrinkles(皱纹) next to his eyes when he smiled,________his smile was still as________as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good________for his family.

【1】A.brush B.bag C.wallet D.comb

【2】A.pleased B.annoyed C.relieved D.ashamed

【3】A.pain B.joy C.sadness D.courage

【4】A.on B.out C.over D.in

【5】A.laugh B.stare C.smile D.shout

【6】A.journey B.family C.business D.task

【7】A.form B.progress C.change D.improve

【8】A.strict B.satisfied C.delighted D.mad

【9】A.ease B.time C.patience D.speed

【10】A.occasionally B.early C.frequently D.rarely

【11】A.keep B.sharpen C.repair D.clean

【12】A.threw B.dropped C.took D.handed

【13】A.hearing B.watching C.letting D.helping

【14】A.spend B.find C.lose D.waste

【15】A.supported B.affected C.broke D.meant

【16】A.carefully B.firmly C.hurriedly D.casually

【17】A.urgent B.different C.exciting D.interesting

【18】A.yet B.for C.or D.so

【19】A.convincing B.cautious C.heartwarming D.innocent

【20】A.education B.origin C.life D.reputation

33、   I am enveloped by an instant sweet happiness before falling down in exhaustion. Hands held high, I_______ cross the finishing line, out of_______ . It's a deep and longed-for sense of_______ , coming from handling three sports in one and surviving to tell the sweaty tale. All around me people_______ because they’ve achieved something unforgettable, some smiling, some in tears.

_______still, there is the sense of purpose triathlon (铁人三项赛) offers. Running, swimming and cycling provide a(n)_________from existential anxiety as the demanding training schedules leave little_________for reflection on the bigger life questions. Ali Hendry-Ballard, 47, first tried triathlon during a_______period in her life. "I really needed something_______to focus on while going through major life changes," she said, "Though I'd never been interested in ________, I started jogging and soon became fascinated. I started doing half marathons and very quickly________ myself training for a triathlon. There's something that________ all sides of my personality. I've never been in tune with my body, or felt so________ of both its strengths and its limitation."

For me too, triathlon has ________ an increased awareness of what is and isn't possible, physically and spiritually. I must fight against the________ of being left behind. The belief carried me through the course of any race that I can ________ whatever comes my way. It has helped me to become a ________ person. Triathlon takes every bit from its devotees as much as it gives and yet, somehow, you end up giving even more than it________ . It's a greedy pastime and ________  determined types. Yet it's also a social, ________  hobby that can offer fresh chances to travel, experience and dream.

【1】A.carefully B.suddenly C.finally D.recently

【2】A.breath B.sight C.control D.touch

【3】A.satisfaction B.gratitude C.direction D.responsibility

【4】A.talk B.chant C.wait D.celebrate

【5】A.Easier B.Worse C.Closer D.Deeper

【6】A.stage B.feedback C.escape D.image

【7】A.doubt B.room C.hope D.reason

【8】A.difficult B.rewarding C.stable D.limited

【9】A.creative B.positive C.ordinary D.familiar

【10】A.music B.sport C.travel D.writing

【11】A.prevented B.imagined C.risked D.found

【12】A.appeals to B.goes against C.carries away D.takes over

【13】A.free B.proud C.aware D.cautious

【14】A.broken down B.resulted in C.benefited from D.held back

【15】A.anger B.desire C.fear D.injustice

【16】A.select B.recognize C.predict D.handle

【17】A.thinner B.rougher C.stronger D.kinder

【18】A.gains B.avoids C.beats D.requires

【19】A.bothers B.attracts C.changes D.spoils

【20】A.fun-filled B.time-saving C.new-born D.long-lost

34、Directions: Fill in each blank to make the passage make sense and well connected in writing style. The initial letter of each word has been given. (please write each answer in a COMPLETE word on the answer card.

THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

In Congress, July 4, 1776

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s god entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should d【1】 the causes which impel them to the separation.

We h【2】 these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created e【3】, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable R【4】, that among these are life, L【5】, and the pursuit of Happiness.

That to secure these rights, g 【6】 are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.

That whenever any form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the P 【7】 to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, l【8】 its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such f【9】, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience has shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariable the same Object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their d 【10】, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.

35、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

I have the【1】(great)job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes using【2】(science)equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never【3】(bore).Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don’t mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people【4】 one of the most powerful forces on earth—the volcano.

B

Water is a precious resource. Every person needs it【5】 (survive),and we use it for cooking, drinking, growing our food and washing. However，it is scarce(缺乏的).Just 1% of water on Earth can【6】 (use)by humans. What’s more，treating water to make it clean and safe and pumping it to our homes uses up lots of energy. So, what can you do to help save water? One easy way is by【7】(turn)off the tap when you brush your teeth.

C

Robbie Phillips has become the first British person to complete one of the toughest challenges in rock climbing. 【8】(know)as the Alpine Trilogy(阿尔卑斯三部曲),the challenge consists of three climbs on mountains in Austria, Germany and Switzerland, 【9】Phillips completed in four years. Until now, only four other people【10】(conquer)all three of the extremely difficult climbs.

36、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

37、Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the proper form of the words or expressions given in the frame. Each one can only be used once.

Why your Password May Not Be As Safe As It Seems?  Does “qaz2ws” strike you as a nice safe password? What about “adgjmptw”? An analysis has found them to be among the passwords that are most 【1】 used, which of course means they are not secure at all.

When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet，they appeared to 【2】that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful, even if, in the specific case of the leaked passwords, they are also completely pointless.

While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password”，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to【3】. The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.

“Users are becoming slightly more 【4】what makes a password strong,” explained WP Engine, an internet company that performed the analysis. “For instance, adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase. That makes it better, right?”

But 【5】no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.

Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords. Yahoo! is giving users the option to 【6】 their mobile phone with an account, having a single use passwords texted to it each time they want to log on.

Although the serviced is voluntary, Dylan Casey an executive at Yahoo!，said that it was “the first step to【7】passwords”. He said it was a(n)【8】that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I don’t think we, as an industry, have done a good enough job of putting ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,” he said.

It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same people’s improving upon “password” by using “password” or，“tran5p053d numb3r5 f0r 133tr3r5”.

“We are, for the most part，predictably【9】when it comes to choosing passwords, despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups” said WP Engine. “We love taking a(n) 【10】, and so do password crackers.

38、假如你是李华,代表学校邀请外教彼得（Peter）参加端午节活动。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1.活动时间、地点、内容；

2.节日来历。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival； 粽子  Zongzi；

农历五月初五 the fifth day of the fifth month of lunar calendar

Dear Peter,

I’am writing to invite you to__________________________________________________________________

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Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

39、假定你是李华，你学校新增了一个“亲近绿色农场”的课外活动。请给你班的来自英国的交换生Peter 写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。要点包括:

1. 写信目的；

2. 活动的意义；

3. 期待回复。

注意:

1. 词数100 词左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:课外活动extracurricular activity

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40、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。

Over the past few years, there has been a big increase in the number of people sharing information online. In this article we will learn about some positive factors for people to share information online.

We often share information with our friends in the office or at home to educate, entertain or pleasantly surprise them. In this way we can connect with others. This is also true while sharing information online. If you look at the Facebook wall posts of your friends, you will realize that most of their updates are usually famous quotes, entertaining videos, inspirational images, funny jokes, etc. 94% of those who responded to a survey by the New York Times said they put a lot of thought into how the content they are sharing will be beneficial to others.

A lot of people share information online to represent their true self to the outside world. Some people, especially those who are shy and not comfortable talking about their areas of interest in the presence of others, find it extremely convenient to share that information online with like-minded individuals.

78% of the respondents in the study of The New York Times said they shared information online because it helps them develop better relationships. Today, a lot of people do not have the time to meet each other in person and the Internet has become a great substitute. A lot of people now “meet” each other online, rather than in conventional places like restaurants and pubs.

Lastly, when we share our thoughts online, we are actively engaging with the vast community of people who are a part of the World Wide Web. Sharing information will make a difference to the viewpoint of others, or add to their understanding about the world.

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41、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Joyce is in the fourth grade and he joined the noisy children of his class as usual. “Children! Silence!” Mangat Madam suddenly entered the class. She announced next week would be math week. “I’d like each of you to work on a project. You could do it individually or in a group.” she instructed. “The topic for the project needs approving tomorrow and it has to be displayed at the math week exhibition. The best project will be awarded and there is also a surprise gift from my side,” she added.

Joyce, who is extremely good at math, sat in the corner seat of the first bench with Karan, an average. Karan asked Joyce if they could work on the math project together. Joyce replied in a prideful tone, “Ha-ha you want to join me. I think I will do the project on my own.” Joyce wanted to get awarded and the surprise gift all for himself from Mangat Madam.

After deep consideration, Joyce decided to work on a math magic quiz on the circuit board. The next day in school, Mangat Madam arrived in the classroom and all the children submitted their topics for math exhibition. They all chose to work in a group except Joyce. In the following days, Joyce gathered all the materials for the project such as wires, bulbs (灯泡), a switch and a thin plywood board (胶合板). He worked out a few mathematical basic operations to be fixed on the board so that when the wire of the circuit touched the right answer, the bulb glowed. Joyce completed the project and was happy with the result.

The evening before the exhibition, while packing his school bags, Joyce again checked the project to see if it was working fine. Alas! All the lights that were to glow did not seem to light at all. Without finding the reason, Joyce was tensed. However, he decided to take the same project to the school as he couldn’t change the topic at the last minute. Then came the next day, and everybody was fascinated in the exhibition.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

It was Joyce’s turn to display his project.

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Finally, the teacher announced Karan’s team was the winner.

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